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EDUCATIONAL 



INSTITUTIONS 



MASSACHUSETTS. 



1876. 




Boston : 

WRIGHT & POTTER, STATE PRINTERS, 



79 jNIilk Stkket, cob. Fbi^ebal Stbeet. 

1876. 



i^ 

'^-a 



[EC 16 1904 



EDUCATIONAL 



INSTITUTIONS 



MASSACHUSETTS. 



1876, 



BOSTON: 

WRIGHT & POTTER, STATE PRINTERS. 

1S76. 



EDUCATIONAIi 



jt?!itiWt^tt$ 4 ^umlm^ih^ 



iFree public ^cfjools. 



OFFICERS. 
STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION. 
SECRETARY OF BOARD OF EDUCATION. 
AGENTS OF BOARD OF EDUCATION. 
STATE DIRECTOR OF ART EDUCATION. 
CITY A3ID TOWN SCHOOL COMMITTEES. 
CITY AND TOWN SUPERINTENDENTS. 



SCHOOLS. 



COMMON SCHOOLS. 
Primary. 
Grammar. 
Uugradecl. 

HIGH SCHOOLS. 

EVENING SCHOOLS. 



STATE NORMAL SCHOOLS. 
Framingham, 1839. 
Westfield, 1839. 
Bridgewater, 1840. 
Salem, 1854. 
Worcester, 1874. 
Normal Art School, Boston, 1873. 

TEACHERS' INSTITUTES. 

1845. 
INDUSTRIAL DRAWING CLASSES. 



Incorporatclr ^catretntcs, 
13viijatc Scfjools. 



special 5tate institutions. . 

PERKINS INSTITUTION FOR BLIND. 

Boston, 1829. 
SCHOOL FOR DEAF MUTES. 

Boston. 
SCHOOL FOR IDIOTS. 

Boston, 1848. 
STATE REFORM SCHOOL FOR BOYS. 

Westboro', 1848. 
CLARKE INSTITUTION FOR DEAF MUTES. 

Northampton, 1867. 



STATE INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL FOR GIRLS. 

Lancaster, 185G. 
STATE PRIMARY SCHOOL. 

Monsou, 1866. 



'Associations. 

STATE TEACHERS' ASSOCIATION 

1846. 
COUNTY TEACHERS' ASSOCIATIONS. 

1830. 

HIGH AND CLASSICAL SCHOOL TEACHERS' 
ASSOCIATION. 



3li&rarics. 

FREE PUBLIC. 

SOCIAL. 

IN INSTITUTIONS. 

SUNDAY SCHOOL. 



SEnibcrsitics anti (Colleges. 

HARVARD UNIVERSITY. 
Cambridge. 
Harvard College, 1638. 
Medical School, 1782. 
Divinity School, 1814. 



EAR VARD UNIVERSITY (Continued). 
Law Scliool, 1817. 
Lawrence Scientific Scliool, 1847. 
Museum of Comparative Zoology, 1859. 
Dental Scliool, 1868. 
Bussey School of Agriculture, 1870. 

BOSTON UNIVERSITY. 
1869. 
School of Theology, 1847. 
College of Liberal Arts. 
School of Law. 
School of Mediciue. 
College of Music. 
School of Oratory. 
School of All Sciences. 

WILLIAMS COLLEGE. 

Williamstown, 1793. 

AMHERST COLLEGE. 

Amherst, 1821. 

COLLEGE OF HOLY CROSS. 
Worcester, 1843. 

TUFTS COLLEGE. 

Medford, 1854. 

BOSTON COLLEGE. 
1863. 

SMITH COLLEGE. 

Northampton, 1875. For Women. 

WELLE SLEY COLLEGE. 

Wellesley, 1875. For Women. 



i^roffssional antJ Sn'rntific Cnstituttans. 

AND OVER THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY. 
Audover, 1808. 

BAPTIST THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY. . 
Newton, 1825. 

TUFTS COLLEGE DIVINITY SCHOOL. 
Medforcl, 1855. 

NEW CHURCH THEOLOGICAL SCHOOL. 
Waltbam, 1866. 

EPISCOPAL THEOLOGICAL SCHOOL. 
Ciunbridge, 1867. 



3IASSACIIUSETTS COLLEGE OF PHARMACY. 
Boston, 1867. 

BOSTON DENTAL COLLEGE. 

1868. 

MASS. INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY. 
Boston, 1861. 

MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE. 
Amherst, 1863. 

INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE. 
Worcester, 1865. 



AMER. ACADEMY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES. 
Boston, 1779. 

BOSTON SOCIETY OF NATURAL HISTORY. 
1831. 



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LOWELL INSTITUTE. 
Boston, 1839. 

PEABODY ACADE3IY OF SCIEI^^CE. 
Salem, 1821. 

WORCESTER LYCEUM AND NATURAL HIST- 
ORY ASSOCIATION. 
1852. 
MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS. 
Boston, 1870. 

MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL SOCIETl. 
Boston, 1791. 

AMERICAN ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY. 
Worcester, 1812. 

N. E. HISTORICAL GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY. 
Boston, 1845. 



STATISTICS 



^rtutnttou lit 1l{ii$$iitlnt$dt$. 



Area, 7800 sq. m. 

Poimlatiou, 1,651,912; in cities, 836,924; in 
towns, 814,988. 

Valuation, $1,840,732,706. 

Cities, 19; towns, 322; total, 341. 

Common Schools, 5350; teachers, 8269; pu- 
pils, 289,950. 

High Schools, 212; teachers, 582; pupils, 
15,826. 89 per cent, of population of State 
is in cities and towns having high schools. 

Pupils in Public Schools, 305,776. 

Average length of Public Schools, 8 months 

and 17 days. 
Evening Schools, 114; teachers, 364; pupils, 

9337. 



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state Normal Schools, 6; teachers, 59; pupils 
in Art school, 330; in other schools, 896; 
total, 1226. Expeudlture for, $72,980. 

Teachers' Institutes, annual average number, 
8 ; average annual attendance, 1063. 

Incorporated Academies, 72; i^upils, 5756. 

Private Schools, 341 ; i)upils, 14,513. 

Special State lustitutions, 7 ; pui)ils, 1687. 

Libraries. — Free Public, 172; volumes, 1,069,- 
508; yearly circulation, 3,068,335. Social, 
237; volumes, 536,191; yearly circulation, 
1,171,071. In Institutions, 178; volumes, 
1,010,073; yearly circulation, 671,418. Sun- 
day School, 1276; volumes, 609,399; yearly 
circulation, 3,081,692. Total number libra- 
ries, 1863. Total number of volumes, 3,225,- 
171. Total yearly circulation, 7,992,516. 

Universities, 2; general students, 858; profes- 
sional, 1047; total,' 1905. 
Colleges, 7 ; students, 1076. 
Professional Schools, 7 ; students, 194. 
Scientific Schools, 3 ; students, 506. 

Expenditure : total for Public Schools, $6,201,- 
614 ; for erecting and repairing school build- 
ings, $1,533,142; for each child of school 
age, $21. 

School Fund, $2,065,238; income, $167,655; 
moiety to cities and towns, $83,827. 



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Table sliowiug the increase iu the valua- 
tion ; in the amount raised bj^ taxes for the 
support of schools; the number of children 
between the ages of 4 and 16, to 1849, and be- 
t\feen the ages of 5 and 15, since that time; 
and the amount raised for each child. The 
table commences with the establishment of 
the Board of Education, in 18:i7, and gives 
the amounts at intervals of ten years, down 
to 1876. 







«- 


»-».,« 


■a 


i 
< 

>< 


< 
>• 


Amount of moni' 
raised bj- taxes for th 
support of schools, in 
eluding onlythewagc 
ofteachers, board, hu 
and care of fires. 


Number of person 
between the ages of 
and 1(5, to 1849, and be 
twcen a and l'> year 
since 1849. 


Hi 


1837 


. 


$387,124 


$177,053 


$2.30 


1840 


$299,878,329 


491,015 


184,392 


2.66 


1850 


597,936,995 


915,839 


196,536 


4.66 


1860 


897,795,326 


1,475,948 


231,480 


6.37 


1870 


1,497,351,686 


3,272,335 


278,249 


11.76 


1876 


1,840,732,706 


4,400,898 


305,776 


14.39 



Total value of School Buildings in 1838, 
$550,000. 

Total value of School Buildings in 1876, 
$20,856,077. 



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State Boarti of ^timatian. 

Established in 1837, consists of the Gover- 
nor and Lieut.-Governor, and eight persons 
appointed by the Governor for a term of eight 
years, one retiring each year in the order of 
appointment. Hohls in trnst any grant or 
devise of lands, and any donation or bequest 
of personal property, made to it for educa- 
tional purposes. Prescribes the form of school 
registers, and of blanks for school returns. 
Has charge of the State Normal Schools. Ap- 
points a secretary, agents, the art-director, 
and the visitors and teachers of the Normal 
Schools. Makes an annual report to Legisla- 
ture of its doings, with observations and 
suggestions, together with an abstract of the 
school returns. Incidental expenses of Board, 
and official expenses of members, paid out of 
income of school fund. 



Secretarg of 38oarti of lEtJuration. 

Appointed by Board. Salary, travelling and 
office expenses paid out of income of school 
fund. Eeceives, arranges, and makes abstracts 
of school reports and returns. Collects infor- 
mation respecting condition of educational 
interests. Difi'nses information to promote 
those interests. Suggests improvements to 



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Board. Visits different parts of the State to 
awaken pnl)lic interest in educational matters, 
and attends educational meetings. Conducts, 
by liimself or agents, Teachers' Institutes. 
Seu^s blanks, registers, and reports of Board 
to towns and cities. Is a visitor of each of the 
State Normal Schools. 



Agents rf Baari of Education. 

One or more authorized by statutes, to be 
appointed by Board. Now, five in number, 
assigned to different sections of the State. 
Visit towns and cities; observe schools; con- 
fer with teachers and committees; give advice 
and instruction in priiici})les and methods of 
education, by lectures and teaching exercises; 
hold institutes. 



State Bircctor of ^rt EHucatioit. 

Appointed by Board of Education as one of 
its agents. Is at the head of the State Nor- 
mal Art School ; superintends the instruction 
in drawing, and examines the classes in the 
State Normal School, and in the Free Indus- 
trial Drawing Schools of the cities and towns; 
visits the cities and towns to confer with 
teachers and committees. 



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Citg anU ®ob3n .Srfjool Committees. 

Elected by tlie peoj)le for three years, oue- 
tliird retiring annually. Women are eligible. 
Have entire cliarge and superintendence of all 
public schools in town. Reporl^^ annually in 
print to town, and make annual returns to 
secretary of State Board of Education. Re- 
ceive a jjer diem allowance for services, the 
minimum of which is fixed by statute. 



(Citg anti ^objtt .Superintcntients. 

May be appointed by School Committee of 
town, if so ordered by annual vote. Comj)en- 
sation fixed by committee. May be api)ointed 
by school committee of a city, who may also 
fix the compensation. If a superintendent is 
appointed, the school committee receive no 
compensation. Superintendent works wholly 
under the direction and control of committee, 
and reports to that body. 



Common ^cfjools. 

Established by voluntary action of towns in 
1634. Made compulsory by law in 1647. Re- 
quired in every town. Must be kept for six 
months, in number sufficient for all childreu. 



15 



Must instruct iu ortliograpliy, reading, writ- 
ing, English grammar, geograpliy, arithmetic, 
the history of the United States, drawing, 
and good hehavior. May instruct in algebra, 
vocal music, physiology and hygiene, agricul- 
ture, and sewing. Graded iu the cities and 
villages ; ungraded in the rural districts. 



Established iu 1634. Allowed in every 
town, and required in towns of 500 families or 
house-holders. Are for the benefit of all the 
inhabitants. Must be kept 36 weeks. Besides 
branches taught in common schools, instruct 
in general history, book-keeping, geometry, 
natural philosophy, chemistry, botany, civil 
polity of Massachusetts and United States, 
and Latin. A higher grade required in towns 
of 4,000 inhabitants. Besides branches previ- 
ously mentioned, instruct iu Greek, French, 
astronomy, geology, rhetoric, logic, intellectual 
and moral science, and political economy. 



First kept in 1836. Authorized by law, 1857. 
May be kept in any town for persons over 
twelve years of age. Do not take place of 



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other schools. Are under control of school 
committee. 



&tutz Normal ^cljools. 

For instruction and training, only, of per- 
sons intending to teach. At Framingham, for 
ladies only, opened 1839; at Westfield, for both 
sexes, opened 1839; at Bridge water, foi- both 
sexes, opened 1840 ; at Salem, for ladies only, 
opened 1854; at Worcester, for both sexes, 
opened 1874. A regular course of two years, 
in four terms of twenty weeks each, and, in 
addition, an advanced course of the same 
length; or, a single course of four years. 
Instruct, in regular course, in all English 
branches taught in the public schools ; and in 
Greek, Latin, French, German, and higher 
mathematics in the advanced course. All 
these subjects are studied with reference to 
teaching them, and special instruction is given 
in the principles and methods of school organ- 
ization, government, and teaching. Schools 
under general control of Board of Education ; 
and each, under immediate supervision of a 
Board of Visitors, consisting of two members 
of the Board of Education, with the secretary. 
At Bridgewater, Westfield, and Framingham, 
boarding halls are connected with the schools, 
where students live at cost. Schools supported 



17 



wholly by State. Tuition free. Normal Art 
School, established in 1873: object — to fur- 
nish trained instructors in industrial art to 
the towns and cities. Open to both sexes. 
Supported by State. Under control of Board 
of Education. 



^cacljers' institutes. 

Authorized by statute. Held in various 
parts of the State by the secretary and agents 
of the Board of Education. Supported by 
income of school fund. 



Jnliustrial ©rabing CTlasses. 

Required in cities and towns having 10,000 
inhabitants. Free to all the inhabitants. 
Under control of school committee. Usually 
held in the evening. 



.Special State institutions. 

Supported only in part by the State. State 
appropriates a gross sum annually to the Per- 
kins Institution, and Massachusetts Asylum 
for the Blind, in which all the State pupils 
may be educated. To the Clarke Institution 



18 



at Nortliampton, the Boston Scliool for Deaf 
Mutes, and the American Asylum at Hartford, 
Conn., State pays a specified sum for tuition 
and board of each deaf mute sent as a State 
pupil. Required to report annually to Board 
of Education. To the School for Idiotic and 
Feeble Minded Youth, State approx^riates an- 
nually. School under supervision of Board 
of State Charities. Pupils sent to all these in- 
stitutions by Governor, on petition of x^arents 
or friends, accomx)anied by projier certificate. 
Number of Deaf Mutes, 168 ; of Blind, 159 ; 
of Idiots, 120. 



For boys, at Westboro.' For girls, at Lan- 
caster. Received for minority on sentence by 
a magistrate for a statutory offence. Each 
school under control of a Board of Trustees, 
apj)ointed by Governor. 



^tate ^rimars ScfrooL 

For poor children dependent upon the State, 
because having no town settlement. Under 
a Board of Inspectors, appointed by the Gov- 



19 



^eacfjers' "Essoctations. 

Membership voluntary. State Association 
receives, annually, S300 from State. Each 
County Association receives annually, $25, on 
condition of holding an annual session of not 
less than two days' duration. Fourteen coun- 
ties in State. Eleven County Associations. 



3li6rartcs. 

Each city and town is authorized, by law of 
1857, to establish and maintain a free public 
library, for the use of the inhabitants. May 
appropriate for buildings and founding libra- 
ry, not more than one dollar for each ratable 
poll. May appropriate, annually, to maintain 
library, not more than fifty cents for each 
ratable poll. Societies of seven or more per- 
sons, may be organized as corporations, to 
maintain libraries, choose officers, hold a limi- 
ted amount of proi)erty, and assess the shares 
to raise money. 



Scljool JFunti, 

Established in 1835. Amount, $2,000,000. 
One-half of income divided annually among 
cities and towns, a part according to valua- 



20 



tion ; the remainder, according to number of 
children between 5 and 15, provided town has 
made required returns, and has raised by 
taxation for support of schools, not less than 
three dollars for each child between 5 and 15. 
Other half of income applied to expenses of 
Board of Education and its officers. Normal 
Schools, Teachers' Institutes and Associations. 



Scfjool ^ttentrance. 

Compulsory for children between 8 and 14, 
to the extent of twenty weeks, in two terms 
each of ten consecutive weeks. Towns and 
cities required to make by-laws concerning 
habitual truants, and to designate place of 
confinement and instruction. School commit- 
tees required to appoint, and fix compensation 
of, two or more truant officers. Towns and 
cities authorized to provide for neglected 
children, under sixteen years of age. 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



llllliiillllllllll 

020 975 044 2 



